G20 Climate Risk Atlas: Australia

This report summarizes the risks posed on Indonesia's climate, ecosystems, food and water systems, and citizens by climate impacts, as well as its policies for mitigation, adaptation, and emissions reductions. Indonesia is almost entirely dominated by a tropical climate which is largely hot and humid, with rainfall occurring mainly in low-lying areas and mountainous regions that experience cooler temperatures. Indonesia sees drier conditions during El Niño events and wetter conditions during La Niña events. The wet season occurs between November and April, leaving May and October typically dry. Relative humidity varies between 70% and 90% and cooler temperatures prevail at higher altitudes. Located near the equator, Indonesia will see an upward trend in temperatures, gravely impacting citizens and putting additional stress on fisheries and agriculture. Increased precipitation will raise the risk of flooding which, along with sea level rise, will threaten 11 million people. Indonesia is party to emissions reductions and is making good progress in its energy transition, however, wildfire emissions are significant.

The G20 Climate Risk Atlas represents a science-based tool that can support decision-making processes and the planning of required policies. The simple language, attractive features, and design is intended to ensure that the Atlas lends itself to easy consultation and dissemination, therefore opening the door, not only to decision-makers and stakeholders, but also to the general public, creating a participatory and iterative process which can be used to increase public awareness on climate issues. In the process of a sustainable transition, climate change must be considered the fundamental pillar of the political agenda. Only committed and timely mitigation and adaptation actions can limit the intensification of extreme events, the destruction of ecosystems, infrastructure and populations, and in the process enable people to benefit from a better and more equitable future.